Basketball

Rule	Basketball (5v5)	3×3 Basketball
Players	5 per team on the court	3 per team on the court
Game Duration	4 quarters of 10 min (FIBA) or 12 min (NBA)	10 minutes or first to 21 points
Shot Clock	24 seconds	12 seconds
Scoring	2 points (inside arc), 3 points (outside arc), 1 point (free throw)	1 point (inside arc), 2 points (outside arc)
Possession Change	After a basket, opponent inbounds the ball	After a basket, ball must be taken beyond the arc before attacking
Fouls	Team fouls lead to free throws (after 4 fouls per quarter)	6 team fouls = 2 free throws for every foul
Dribbling	Unlimited dribbles allowed	Same rule as 5v5
Ball Size	Size 7 (men) / Size 6 (women)	Size 6 for all but with weight of Size 7
Overtime	5-minute period	First team to score 2 points wins

Futsal

Rule	Description
Players	5 per team (including goalkeeper)
Substitutions	Unlimited, rolling substitutions
Match Duration	2 halves of 20 minutes (stopped clock)
Ball	Size 4, low bounce
Kick-in	Instead of a throw-in, must be taken within 4 seconds
Fouls	After 5 team fouls per half, a 10-meter penalty is awarded
Goalkeeper	Cannot hold the ball for more than 4 seconds
Backpass Rule	Goalkeeper cannot touch the ball twice in a row from a teammate’s pass
Cards	Yellow = warning, Red = 2-minute exclusion (can be replaced after 2 min or a goal)

Volleyball

Rule	Description
Players	6 per team on the court
Rotations	Players rotate clockwise after winning the serve
Sets & Points	Best of 5 sets, first to 25 points (15 in 5th set), must win by 2 points
Touches	Maximum 3 touches per team before returning the ball
Serving	Must serve from behind the end line, can touch the net if the ball lands in
Blocking & Spiking	Players cannot touch the net, only front-row players can spike near the net
Ball In/Out	Ball is in if it lands on the boundary line, out if completely outside
Libero	A defensive specialist who cannot attack or serve

Darts

Rule	Description
Players	Usually 2 players (can be teams)
Game Objective	Reduce score from 501 (or 301) to exactly 0
Throwing	Each player throws 3 darts per turn
Scoring	Points are deducted based on where the darts land
Double-Out Rule	The final throw must land in a double to win the game
Bullseye	Outer bull = 25 points, inner bull = 50 points
Board Sections	Single (face value), Double (outer ring), Triple (inner ring)
Throw Line	Players must stand behind the “oche” (2.37m from the board)

Padel

Rule	Description
Players	2 vs 2 (doubles only)
Scoring	Same as tennis (15, 30, 40, deuce, advantage)
Serve	Underhand, must bounce once behind the service line and be hit below waist height
Bounce Rule	Ball must bounce once before hitting the walls
Volley	Allowed, except on return of serve
Walls	Ball can be played off the walls after bouncing on the ground
Let Rule	If the serve hits the net and lands in the correct box, it’s retaken
Court Size	10m x 20m, enclosed by glass and metal mesh walls

Swimming

Rule	Description
Stroke Types	Freestyle, Backstroke, Breaststroke, Butterfly, Medley (all four)
Race Distances	50m, 100m, 200m, 400m, 800m, 1500m (varies by stroke and competition level)
Start	Swimmers dive from starting blocks (except backstroke, which starts in water)
Turns	Flip turns allowed in freestyle & backstroke, two-hand touch required in breaststroke & butterfly
False Start	Leaving the block before the start signal results in disqualification
Finish	Must touch the wall; in breaststroke & butterfly, both hands must touch simultaneously
Relay Exchanges	Next swimmer must not leave the block before teammate touches the wall
Underwater Limit	Max 15m underwater allowed after start & turns in freestyle, backstroke, and butterfly